Similarly make the night duration into eight equal parts and distribute these, commencing from the Lord of the 5th. The seven portions are distributed to the seven Grahas commencing from the Lord of the week day, while 8th portion governed by Gulika. Divide the day duration (of any week day) into eight equal parts. up to Р•С™ani denote the periods of Gulik and others. Calculations of Gulika and other upagrahas: The portions of SР•В«rya etc. Р•С™nyaР±в„–РѓР•вЂєo gulikaР±С‘Тђ prokto ravyaР±в„–РѓР•вЂєaР±С‘Тђ kР”РѓlasaР±в„–РѓjР“В±akaР±С‘Тђ || 68|| GaР±в„–вЂЎayedaР±в„–Р€Р±в„–ВamaР±С‘Тђ khaР±в„–вЂЎР±С‘РЊo niР±в„–Р€yatiР±С‘Тђ parikР”В«rtitaР±С‘Тђ |

If one of these afflicts SР•В«rya, the nativeРІР‚в„ўs dynasty will decline, while Candr and Lagn, respectively, associated with one of these, will destroy the longevity and wisdom. SР•В«ryendulagnageР±в„–Р€veР±в„–Р€u vaР±в„–РѓР•вЂєР”РѓyurjР“В±Р”РѓnanР”РѓР•вЂєanam | These are the Grahas, devoid of splendour, which are malefics by nature and cause affliction. By adding a RР”РѓР•вЂєi to UpaKetu, you get the original longitude of SР•В«rya. Add 16 degrees 40 minutes to Chap, which will give Ketu (UpaKetu), who is a malefic. Deduct Parivesh from 12 RР”РѓР•вЂєis to arrive at the position of Chap (Indra Dhanus), who is also inauspicious. Add six RР”РѓР•вЂєis to Vyatipat to know the position of Parivesh. Reduce Dhoom from 12 RР”РѓР•вЂєis to arrive at Vyatipat. Add 4 RР”РѓР•вЂєis 13 degrees and 20 minutes of arc to SР•В«ryaРІР‚в„ўs longitude at a given moment to get the exact position of the all inauspicious Dhoom. PariveР±в„–Р€aР•вЂєcyutaР•вЂєcakrР”РѓdindracР”Рѓpastu doР±в„–Р€adaР±С‘Тђ | SaР±в„–Р€adbho'tra vyatР”В«pР”РѓtaР±С‘Тђ pariveР±в„–Р€o'tidoР±в„–Р€akР±в„–вЂєt || 62|| TryaР±в„–РѓР•вЂєР”РѓР±С‘РЊhyaviР•вЂєvabhР”РѓgaiР•вЂєca caturbhaiР±С‘Тђ sahito raviР±С‘Тђ |Р”ВhР•В«mo nР”Рѓma mahР”РѓdoР±в„–Р€aР±С‘Тђ sarvakarmavinР”РѓР•вЂєakaР±С‘Тђ || 61|| References from Brhat Parashari Hora Shastra (chapter 3) Sunrise Definition = Apparent rise of upper limb of Sun (as seen on a clear day)

Ratrimana = Duration of the night = Sunrise of next day РІР‚вЂњ Sunset Ista Kala = Birth time РІР‚вЂњ Sunrise/ Sunset (Time elapsed after sunrise or sunset)Р”Вinamana = Duration of the day = Sunset РІР‚вЂњ Sunrise Thus Maharishi wanted us to check the influences of these planets as well in addition to the visible planets to delineate horoscope in details. They are described in the same chapter where the Grahas (planets) are described. The importance of these bodies can be seen from the place where these are described. The effects can be visible not only in the dasa of the planets associating with them, but also during the whole life of the native, which can be modified by the influences of the dasas etc. These affect the life of the native at a very subtle level, since these Upagrahas do not have body of their own and behave like shadowy planets. In Brhat Parashara Hora Shastra 3rd chapter (Santhanam Ed.), Maharishi Parashara enumerates about 5 Aprakash Grahas, 5 Upagrahas and Pranapada.

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